Frame construction.



H. J. CASANOVA.

I FRAME UONSTRUUTION.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 9, 1910.

995,437, Patented June 20, 1911.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY J. CASANOVA, OI CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

' 0 FRAME CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed August a, 1910. Serial in. 576,416. 7 a

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY J. Casanova, residing at Chicago, in thecounty of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Frame Construction, of WlllCll the following is aspecification.

The invention relates in general to frame construction adapted to beused for all purposes where a light frame-Work is desired, andparticularly adapted for the framework in flying machines of all types.

The invention resides primarily in the means for securin two pieces ofmaterial together, as part 0 the framework, consisting of tie rods andbars, the former being capable of resisting tensional strains so as toprevent the se aration of the frame-work, and the latter eing capable ofresisting compression strains to prevent'the collapsin of the framework.a

Further advantages of my invention will more fully appear in thespecification, and some of the manners in which the invention may beemployed are shown in the accompanying draw1ng,'in which,

Figure 1 is aside'elevational view of my improved frame construction,Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the section line 22-, of-

Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail sectional view, and Figs. 4, 5, 6and 7 are similar views to Fig. 1, showing modifications of frame-workto which myinvention may be applied. V

'Referring now morejparticularly to the drawing, and specificallyto Fig.1, a ham boo frame 10 serves as the body ortion of r the frame withcurved pieces 0 material '11 secured'thereto, to either one of which maybe attached a suitable material. The.

curved frame members 11 are secured to the. bar 10 by means of suitabletie rods 12 which are preferably made of steel, passing throu h boththeframemember's 10 and '11 and he d thereto by means offsuitable nuts13 and washers 14. It is of course understood. that as many ftie rodsmay be employed as are deemed .necessary for proper construction work. Atubular bar 15, through which the tie .rods 12 pass, is interposedbetween curved member 11 and the bar 10, the ends of such bars 15 eitherbearing directly upon op sing 'surfaces'oftheframework, or such en smai'bear upon the washers 14 or su1t-' able bloc members (not shown).

the bars 15 which have greater compression stren th thanthe tie rods 12,and such bars also serve to prevent the tie rods from bucklin In Figs.4, 5, and 7' modified forms of frame construction are shown, all ofwhich embody the invention as described in connection with Fig. 1,except in Fig. 5 plates 16 are interposed betweenthe ends of the bars 15and the frame work, and metal clips 17 are used in lace of the washers14, which give additiona strength to the frame membcrls if made of woodorotherfibrous mate- ..rla

In my preferred form of construction the frame work is lnade of bambooor other light-woods,"the tie rods being-made of steel and the bars -15of aluminum. It is also desired that the corner pieces 18, washers- -14,plates 16 and clamps 17 be also made of aluminum. The main bars 10 ofthe frame constructions shown in Figs. 4'and 5 may be of any suitablelight material, and the main bar in Fi 1.

In 6 a slightly modified form of construction is, shown for securing twoarts of a frame-work at ri' ht angles to eac other. The tie rods 12 anthe bar members 15 areemployed in this construction, but as both of theframe members 10 shown in this figure are of bamboo a 19 is placed atplug one end of the frame 10. w ich' abuts a ainst the other art of theframe, and the tie rod 20 passest rough said plug and through the frame10 for preventing lateral dis lacement of one member relative to the oter.- The ferrule 21 surrounds the end of the frame 10 adjacent the, plug19 to prevent the breaking away of the side walls of the frame.

It is obvious that a great many different forms of frames may beconstructed wherein myinvention is applicable, and therefore withoutconfining myself to the particular constructions herein shown I claim: 1

'.A frame construction for aerial vessels comprising two frame memberssuitably 10 of Fig. 7 is of bamboo, as shown spaced apart, hollow metal'tubes interposed outerends of said tie rods and nuts for between saidframe members and having drawing said frames, tubes and washerstotheirends abutting against said 'frames,- gether. I metal washers interposedbetween the ends HENRY J. CASANOVA. of the tubes and the frame members,light I Witnesses:

wire tie rods extending through said tubes, LOIS FORCE washers and framemembers, washers on the JAMES FFIELD.

